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Literary Geographies of Race and Space

by Joel Wainwright on January 7, 2021

Literary Geographies of Race and Space

Joel Wainwright and Joshua Lund | January 7, 2021

Tags: literary geographies
literary geographies
| 0 151

We share a common desire to understand the interlocking relations of race and space in Latin America. While in graduate school at the University of Minnesota—where Joel Wainwright wrote his PhD (Geography) on the colonisation of the Maya in Belize, Joshua Lund (Spanish) wrote on theories of hybridity in Mexico, Brazil and Latin American critical theory—we shared conversations about the complex treatment of race and spatiality in the writings of Miguel Ángel Asturias (1899–1974).

Asturias, a Guatemalan writer who won the 1967 Nobel Prize in literature, is widely regarded as one of the most important writers of the twentieth century. We wrote a long manuscript together, eventually published in two parts. Taken together, they enact a postcolonial geographical reading of Asturias’ key works.

In an article in interventions, we traced the ways in which Asturias’ work problematises the political relations between race and space and how, in turn, these relations shape his project. We argued that Asturias, in crafting a powerful critique of capitalist social relations and their articulation to practices of racism, fails to adequately address what we call “the aporia of postcolonial geography”. Our paper begins:

A central aim of postcolonial studies is to illuminate spaces that have engendered resistance to imperialism. But by necessity, this effort works not only against, but also in and with, existing spaces and geographies: a world mapped out precisely through colonial discourse. We refer to this condition as the aporia of postcolonial geography . . . Just as postcolonial historiography exposes the limits of rethinking the colonial present, so too must postcolonial geography contend with its aporia, which resides in the irreducible challenges that result when attempts to liberate the world from geographies of domination play out in and across spaces fashioned in the crucible of colonialism.

Our two papers, then, examine the effects of Asturias’ attempts to write through this aporia. We examine how Asturias—undoubtedly a committed man of the left and a brilliant writer—nonetheless reproduces the basic model of racialised territorialisation that he attempts to attack. We analyse this problem in the interventions paper by reviewing the origins and transformations of Asturias’ Mayanism. The major sources for our argument address some of Asturias’s works, including his great novel Hombres de maíz (1949).

More recently, our GeoHumanities article provides a reading of Asturias’ first substantial literary work, Leyendas de Guatemala [Legends of Guatemala] (Asturias [1930] 1995)—a text considered by some critics as the first instance of “magic realism”—to consider the problem of the literary representation of race and space. Asturias’s early works, we contend, are fruitful sites for exploring the complex interrelations of space, race, nation, and territory. Reading Asturias’ Leyendas, which attempts an aesthetic representation of the origins of Guatemala, we analyse the failure of his project. This is a productive failure, illuminating Asturias’s commitment to addressing the race–space couplet and reaffirming its tragic relevance for Guatemala, and our world, today. For in stumbling against the aporia of postcolonial geography, Asturias’s writing is emblematic of a broader relation between race and space that frequently rises up to derail ostensibly, and even potentially, liberationist discourses.

The problem is not Asturias or the limits of his imagination. It is, rather, the organisation of our world, our inability to imagine its space without race.

References

Asturias, M.A. [1923] 1977. El problema social del indio [Guatemalan sociology: the social problem of the Indian]. Phoenix, AZ: Arizona State University Center for Latin American Studies.

Asturias, M.A. [1930] 1995. Leyendas de Guatemala [Legends of Guatemala].

Asturias, M.A. [1949] 1988 Hombres de maíz [Men of maize]. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.

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Author: Joel Wainwright

Joel Wainwright is Professor in the Department of Geography at the Ohio State University where he teaches about political economy, social theory, and environmental change. He is author of Decolonizing Development: Colonial Power and the Maya (2008), Geopiracy: Oaxaca, Militant Empiricism and Geographical Thought (2013), and Climate Leviathan: A Political Theory of Our Planetary Future (2017) (with Geoff Mann).

Author: Joshua Lund

Joshua Lund works at the University of Notre Dame du Lac, where he teaches Latin American literature, film and cultural history.

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  • Journal of Australian Political Economy (JAPE)
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    • JAPE Submission Guidelines
    • JAPE Young Scholar Award
  • Australian IPE Network (AIPEN)
  • Forums
    • Forums
    • Debating Anatomies of Revolution
    • Debating Debtfare States
    • Debating Economic Ideas in Political Time
    • Debating Mass Strikes and Social Movements in Brazil and India
    • Debating Social Movements in Latin America
    • Debating The Making of Modern Finance
    • Debating War and Social Change in Modern Europe
    • Feminist Global “Secureconomy”
    • Gendered Circuits of Labour and Violence in Global Crises
    • Scandalous Economics
    • The Military Roots of Neoliberal Governance
    • Politicising artistic pedagogies
  • Literary Geographies of Political Economy
  • Pedagogy
    • Five Minute Honours Theses
    • Piketty Forum
    • Radical Economics Pedagogy
    • Unconventional Wisdom
    • Journal Club
    • Marxism Reading Group
  • Wheelwright Lecture
  • Events
  • Contributors
  • Links
    • Political Economy At Sydney
    • PHD in Political Economy
    • Master of Political Economy
    • Centre for Future Work
    • Centre for the Study of Social and Global Justice (CSSGJ)
    • Climate Justice Research Centre (UTS)